For years, the investment migration industry has been shaped by growing concerns that the European Union or the United States might restrict visa-free access for certain Citizenship by Investment (CBI) programs, particularly those in the Caribbean. In 2023, these concerns became more tangible when Dominica’s visa-free access to the UK was revised and the US-Caribbean Roundtable on Citizenship by Investment led to an agreement on six guiding principles. This resulted in the signing of a regional Memorandum of Understanding by the five Caribbean nations with Citizenship by Investment (CBI) programs, St. Kitts & Nevis, Antigua & Barbuda, Grenada, Saint Lucia, and Dominica, which subsequently led to an increase in the cost across their programs.
By March 2025, the European Union advanced its position further. The Civil Liberties Committee (LIBE) approved a legislative proposal that allows the suspension of visa-free agreements with countries offering citizenship to nationals from jurisdictions flagged as high-risk. While this development did not come as a surprise, it was a long-anticipated move.
Although some may view this as a setback, it is important to take a broader perspective. Visa-free access to the EU is a valuable advantage, but it has never been the sole reason why investors pursue second citizenship.
CBI as Plan B: More Than Just a Passport
Programs in countries such as Nauru, Vanuatu, and Turkey, which do not offer visa-free access to the EU, continue to experience strong demand. This highlights a critical point that CBI is much more than just mobility. It offers a means to safeguard wealth, prepare for the unexpected, and gain access to alternative legal, tax, and social systems.
Most investors do not view Caribbean citizenship as a lifestyle enhancement. Rather, it is seen as a strategic asset that functions as a form of insurance, providing access, security, and continuity during global disruptions. The core appeal lies in long-term global flexibility, legacy planning, political risk mitigation, and financial diversification, extending well beyond the short-term convenience of visa-free travel.
A Broader Lens: Germany’s Citizenship Practice
Interestingly, as the European Union increases pressure on CBI programs, Germany, one of its most influential members, has been steadily expanding its naturalization of foreign nationals. From 2000 to 2024, Germany granted citizenship to over 3.35 million individuals, with annual approvals rising from 109,880 in 2020 to 292,020 in 2024. Notably, many recipients originated from countries flagged by the EU as high-risk, such as Syria, Iraq, Russia, and Ukraine.
These naturalizations were granted under merit-based or humanitarian exceptions, which reveals a clear inconsistency. While the EU applies strict scrutiny to legal CBI programs, which are known for their rigorous vetting, due diligence, and approval processes, it continues to allow more flexible naturalization pathways within its own borders. The result is a narrative that some see as politically selective.
Digital Travel Is Replacing Traditional Visas
Even if visa waivers are eventually suspended, international mobility is unlikely to be significantly disrupted. Caribbean passports continue to hold strong reputations, and visa applications remain relatively simple for their holders. In 2026, the EU is set to implement the European Travel Information and Authorization System (ETIAS), which will introduce electronic pre-screening for visa-exempt travelers. Similar systems are already in place in the United States, Canada, and Australia.
This move toward digital travel authorization indicates that while visa processes may evolve, compliant travelers will continue to enjoy streamlined entry through technology-enabled systems.
Adapting to Change: What Clients Must Do
Caribbean nations are actively addressing international concerns. In recent years, they have implemented enhanced due diligence, introduced standardized regional frameworks, and increased transparency, demonstrating a clear commitment to meeting global expectations.
However, for investors, the most prudent approach is diversification. Those seeking stronger mobility and long-term security are combining Caribbean citizenship with European residency through Golden Visa programs in countries such as Portugal, Malta, or Greece. Others are exploring stable options in low-risk jurisdictions like Nauru, Vanuatu, and Turkey to create a more resilient portfolio.
A Resilient Strategy for an Evolving World
As trusted advisors in the investment migration industry, our role is to look beyond the headlines and focus on long-term impact. Caribbean CBI programs continue to offer strong strategic value, particularly for investors who understand that true mobility is about flexibility, preparedness, and access to opportunity.
Today’s forward-thinking clients are no longer relying on a single passport. Instead, they are building layered strategies that ensure freedom, protection, and continuity, regardless of how global regulations shift.
Contact Citizenship Invest today to begin planning a secure, future-proof legacy.
